The future rarely arrives with clear instructions.
Artificial intelligence is already changing the way we search, create and learn, yet many questions about its long-term impact remain unanswered. Quantum computing feels even more puzzling. While some people may have heard the term, few could confidently explain what it is, let alone predict how it might transform industries, solve complex global challenges or influence the future of today’s students.
Helping young people ask thoughtful questions has never been more important. That commitment was on display at St Andrew’s Cathedral School’s annual Big Questions event. Hosted by Head of School, Dr Julie McGonigle, the evening brought together students, parents and leading experts to explore a timely question: How Will AI and Quantum Computing Change the Way We Learn and Live?
Guided by questions posed by student leaders Yuze and Sophia, the discussion moved beyond predictions about technology to examine something deeper: how young people can develop the curiosity, judgement and critical thinking skills needed to thrive in an uncertain future.
Learning from leading experts
A defining feature of Big Questions is the opportunity for students to engage directly with experts working at the forefront of their fields.
This year’s panel featured Professor Jeremy O’Brien, Co-founder and Executive Chairman of PsiQuantum and a pioneer in quantum computing; Ms Sophie Farthing, Head of the Responsible Technology Program at the Human Technology Institute at UTS, specialising in the ethical use of emerging technologies; Dr Nick James, an AI and machine learning researcher whose experience spans academia, technology and finance; and Dr Jonathan Hall, St Andrew’s own Theory of Knowledge Coordinator and Philosophy teacher, who brought an educational and philosophical perspective to the conversation.
Together, they offered insights drawn from research, industry, ethics and education, helping attendees explore not only what these technologies can do, but also how society should respond to them.
Exploring the Big Questions
Throughout the evening, Yuze and Sophia posed questions that reflected the concerns and curiosity of many young people, such as, if AI can generate answers instantly, what is the purpose of learning? How quickly will these technologies develop? What skills will matter most in the future? What remains uniquely human in an increasingly automated world?
The pace of change was a recurring theme. Professor O’Brien spoke about how the industrial revolution unfolded over decades, while today’s technological advances are occurring within years.
“I think this technology is different because of the pace. Previous industrial revolutions took decades. This is taking years and it feels fast. We all feel it.”
“I think this technology is different because of the pace. Previous industrial revolutions took decades. This is taking years and it feels fast. We all feel it, ” said Professor O’Brien.
Yet despite the focus on cutting-edge technologies, one of the most important ideas discussed was surprisingly timeless.
The panel repeatedly returned to the importance of critical thinking and intellectual curiosity. They highlighted First Principles Thinking, the practice of questioning assumptions, identifying fundamental truths and building conclusions through logic and reason.
As AI tools become increasingly capable, panellists warned against becoming overly reliant on technology to do our thinking for us. Students were encouraged to embrace challenge, wrestle with difficult ideas and enjoy the process of learning. Real understanding, they argued, often comes through effort rather than convenience.
The discussion also explored what distinguishes humans from machines. While AI may be able to imitate aspects of human behaviour, Dr Jonathan Hall pointed to consciousness, morality, meaning and personal agency as uniquely human qualities that technology cannot truly replicate.
Running through the conversation was a consistent message of agency and responsibility. The future is not something that simply happens to us. How AI and quantum computing are used will ultimately depend on the choices individuals, organisations and societies make today.
A hopeful conversation
Audience questions reflected both opportunity and thoughtful concern. Students and parents were keen to understand how they could continue learning about these rapidly evolving fields and what resources might help them navigate an increasingly technology-driven world.
The panel recommended a range of books and media, including The Beginning of Infinity by David Deutsch, Reader, Come Home by Maryanne Wolf, The Alignment Problem by Brian Christian, the 3Blue1Brown YouTube channel and the Hard Forkpodcast.
“I was really impressed by the breadth and depth of knowledge in the room, as well as the practical advice on how to address these challenges.”
“I was really impressed by the breadth and depth of knowledge in the room, as well as the practical advice on how to address these challenges. I’ve come away from Big Questions with an urgency to encourage my children in First Principle Thinking,” said one Year 8 parent who attended.
Perhaps the most powerful takeaway was the sense of optimism in the room. While acknowledging the challenges created by rapid technological change, the panellists encouraged attendees to view the future as an opportunity. Be curious. Be informed. Find what you are passionate about and pursue it.
Extending learning beyond the classroom
Events such as Big Questions reflect our School’s commitment to preparing students not only for future careers, but for thoughtful participation in a rapidly changing world. By bringing together leading experts, elevating student voice and encouraging meaningful dialogue, the School helps students develop the confidence, perspective and intellectual agility needed to navigate an increasingly complex future.
